CARBON CREDIT SUPPLY CHAIN

The carbon credit supply chain (CCSC) links forest-based carbon generation with verification, certification and market transactions, connecting local forest management with national accounting systems and global carbon markets. It structures how carbon value is quantified, validated and exchanged, while defining the roles and interactions of key actors across stages.

Beyond a technical sequence, CCSC functions as an organising framework that shapes participation and value distribution. The positioning of actors within different stages influences access to information, control over processes and the share of value captured. As such, the effectiveness of carbon systems depends not only on generating carbon outcomes, but on how the supply chain is structured and governed.

In the Vietnamese context, strengthening CCSC requires improving coordination across stages and enabling more balanced participation of upstream actors within the system. This involves aligning institutional roles, standardizing processes and improving linkages between forest management, carbon accounting and market access. Strengthening aggregation mechanisms and clarifying governance arrangements can enhance efficiency and reduce transaction costs. At the same time, improving access to 8 information and technical systems is essential to enable forest owners and communities to engage more effectively in value creation and decision-making processes.